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Edouard Manet, artist
French, 1832 - 1883
Profile Portrait of Charles Baudelaire, 1862
Etching on Chinese paper
10.6 x 8.9 cm (image)
Bruno and Sadie Adriani Collection 1957.105

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Artist Biography: Painter and printmaker. Made the transition from the realism of Gustave Courbet to Impressionism. ~~Born into a prosperous middle-class family, Manet spent a year in the navy before entering the studio of Thomas Couture in 1850, where he stayed until 1856. Couture encouraged strong modeling through light and dark contrasts, and copies Manet made at the Louvre, after Velazquez, Titian, and Rubens among others, nurtured a painterly style of rich color and bold brushwork. Like the realist painters, Manet chose his subjects largely from modern life. His Dejeuner sur l'herbe ( 1863) and Olympia ( 1863, exhibited 1865; both Paris, Musee d'Orsay) created scandals both for their unconventional subject matter and their broad handling. A series of paintings on Spanish themes culminated with a trip to Spain in 1865 and firsthand study of works by Velazquez and Goya. At the 1867 Universal Exposition, Manet held a private exhibition, which helped solidify his leadership within the avant-garde. Charles Baudelaire, Theodore Duret, and Emile Zola supported him critically. During the 1870s he worked outdoors like the impressionists, and his work became lighter and more colorful, but he maintained hope for acceptance at the official Salons and never contributed to the impressionist exhibitions. Success came in later years with numerous commissions and portraits. By about 1879, however, he began to feel the effects of a debilitating disease that would eventually cause his death.~~Reference: Harris, Jean C. Edouard Manet. Graphic Works. New York: Collectors Editions, 1970.~GuÈrin, Marcel. L'oeuvre gravÈ de Manet. (Paris: Floury, 1944)~Moreau-NÈlaton, …tienne. Manet, Graveur et Lithographe (Paris: Loys Delteil, 1906)~~